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常用純金屬的物理化學性質
|
元素
符號
|
元素
名稱
|
原子
序數
|
密度
(20℃)
103kg/m2
|
熔 點
℃
|
沸 點
℃
|
導熱系數
418.68W/
(m.℃)
|
線脹系數
(0~100℃)
10-6/℃
|
彈性模量
9.807.MPa
|
|
Ag
|
銀
|
47
|
10.49
|
960.8
|
2210
|
1.0
|
19.7
|
7000~8200
|
|
Al
|
鋁
|
13
|
2.6984
|
660.1
|
2500
|
0.53
|
23.6
|
6900~7200
|
|
As
|
砷
|
33
|
5.73
|
814
(36atm)
|
613
(升華)
|
-
|
4.7
|
790
|
|
Au
|
金
|
79
|
19.32
|
1063
|
2966
|
0.71
|
14.2
|
7900~8000
|
|
B
|
硼
|
5
|
2.34
|
2300
|
3675
|
-
|
8.3(40℃)
|
-
|
|
Ba
|
鋇
|
56
|
3.5
|
710
|
1640
|
-
|
19.0
|
1290
|
|
C
|
碳
|
6
|
2.25(石墨)
|
3727
|
4830
|
0.057
|
0.6~4.3
|
490
|
|
Ca
|
鈣
|
20
|
1.55
|
850
|
1440
|
0.3
|
22.3
|
2000~2600
|
|
Cd
|
鎘
|
48
|
8.65
|
321.03
|
765
|
0.22
|
31.0
|
5250
|
|
Co
|
鈷
|
27
|
8.9
|
1492
|
2870
|
0.165
|
12.4
|
21400
|
|
Cr
|
鉻
|
24
|
7.19
|
1903
|
2642
|
0.16
|
6.2
|
25900
|
|
Cu
|
銅
|
29
|
8.96
|
1083
|
2580
|
0.94
|
17.0
|
11700~12650
|
|
F
|
氟
|
9
|
1.696x10-3
|
-219.6
|
-188.2
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Fe
|
鐵
|
26
|
7.87
|
1537
|
2930
|
0.18
|
11.76
|
20000~21550
|
|
H
|
氫
|
1
|
0.0899x10-3
|
-259.04
|
-252.61
|
4.05x x10-3
|
-
|
-
|
|
He
|
氦
|
2
|
0.1785 x10-3
|
-269.5
(103atm)
|
-268.9
|
3.32x x10-3
|
-
|
6480
|
|
W
|
鎢
|
74
|
19.3
|
3380
|
5900
|
0.397
|
4.6
|
35000~41530
|
|
K
|
鉀
|
19
|
0.87
|
63.2
|
765
|
0.24
|
83
|
-
|
|
Li
|
鋰
|
3
|
0.531
|
180
|
1347
|
0.17
|
56
|
500
|
|
Mg
|
鎂
|
12
|
1.74
|
650
|
1108
|
0.367
|
24.3
|
4570
|
|
Mn
|
錳
|
25
|
7.43
|
1244
|
2150
|
0.0119
(-192℃)
|
37
|
20160
|
|
Mo
|
鉬
|
42
|
10.22
|
2625
|
4800
|
0.34
|
4.9
|
32200~35000
|
|
N
|
氮
|
7
|
1.25 x10-3
|
-210
|
-195.8
|
6 x10-5
|
-
|
-
|
|
Na
|
鈉
|
11
|
0.9712
|
97.8
|
892
|
0.32
|
71
|
-
|
|
Nb
|
鈮
|
41
|
8.57
|
2468
|
5130
|
0.125~0.13
|
7.1
|
8720
|
|
Ni
|
鎳
|
28
|
8.90
|
1453
|
2732
|
0.22
|
13.4
|
19700~
22000
|
|
O
|
氧
|
8
|
1.429 x10-3
|
-218.83
|
-182.97
|
59x x10-6
|
-
|
-
|
|
P
|
磷(白)
|
15
|
1.83
|
44.1
|
280
|
-
|
125
|
-
|
|
Pb
|
鉛
|
82
|
11.34
|
327.3
|
1750
|
0.083
|
29.3
|
1600~1828
|
|
S
|
硫
|
16
|
2.07
|
115
|
444.6
|
6.31 x10-4
|
64
|
-
|
|
Sb
|
銻
|
51
|
6.68
|
630.5
|
1440
|
0.045
|
8.5~10.8
|
7900
|
|
Se
|
硒
|
34
|
4.808
|
220
|
685
|
7~18.3x x10-4
|
37
|
5500
|
|
Si
|
硅
|
14
|
2.329
|
1412
|
3310
|
0.20
|
2.8~7.2
|
11500
|
|
Sn
|
錫
|
50
|
7.298
|
231.91
|
2690
|
-
|
23
|
4150~4780
|
|
Ti
|
鈦
|
22
|
4.508
|
1677
|
3530
|
0.130
|
8.2
|
16`00~16800
|
|
U
|
鈾
|
23
|
19.05
|
1132
|
3930
|
0.071
|
6.8~14.1
|
7870
|
|
V
|
釩
|
|
6.1
|
1910
|
3400
|
0.074
|
8.3
|
12950~14700
|
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